Conductors – classical free electron theory of metals – Electrical and thermal conductivity – Wiedemann – Franz law – Lorentz number – Draw backs of classical theory – Quantum theory – Fermi distribution function – Effect of temperature on Fermi Function – Density of energy states – carrier concentration in metals.

  Intrinsic semiconductor – carrier concentration derivation – Fermi level – Variation of Fermi level with temperature – electrical conductivity – band gap determination – compound semiconductors -direct and indirect band gap- derivation of carrier concentration in n-type and p-type semiconductor – variation of Fermi level with temperature and impurity concentration –– Hall effect –Determination of Hall coefficient – Applications.

Origin of magnetic moment – Bohr magneton – comparison of Dia, Para and  Ferro magnetism – Domain theory – Hysteresis – soft and hard magnetic materials – antiferromagnetic materials – Ferrites and its applications

Superconductivity: properties – Type I and Type II superconductors – BCS theory of superconductivity(Qualitative) – High Tc superconductors – Applications of superconductors –

SQUID, cryotron, magnetic levitation.

  Electrical susceptibility – dielectric constant – electronic, ionic, orientational and space charge polarization – frequency and temperature dependence of polarisation – internal field – Claussius – Mosotti relation (derivation) – dielectric loss – dielectric breakdown – uses of dielectric materials (capacitor and transformer) – ferroelectricity and applications.

  Metallic glasses: preparation, properties and applications. Shape memory alloys (SMA): Characteristics, properties of NiTi alloy,  application, Nanomaterials– Preparation -pulsed laser deposition – chemical vapour deposition – Applications – NLO materials –Birefringence- optical Kerr effect – Classification of Biomaterials and its application.